Export Loading Methods for Rubber-Tyred Gantry (RTG) Cranes?

Export Loading Methods for Rubber-Tyred Gantry (RTG) Cranes?

The export loading of Rubber-Tyred Gantry (RTG) cranes primarily utilizes the "Roll-on/Roll-off" (Ro-Ro) method for complete units, supplemented by "Lift-on/Lift-off" (Lo-Lo) for complete units. Smaller or specialized models may be disassembled for segmented transport, accompanied by professional lashing and packaging solutions.
I. Mainstream Loading Methods (Categorized by Unit Integrity)
1. **Complete Unit Ro-Ro (Preferred Method; Standard for Port RTGs)**
**Applicability:** Complete, self-drivable RTG cranes (typically 100–200t class), provided the terminal is equipped with Ro-Ro ramps and access to semi-submersible vessels or Ro-Ro ships.
**Method:** The equipment drives itself onto the vessel's deck (via the ramp), is positioned, and subsequently secured.
**Advantages:** Extremely high efficiency (2–5 minutes per unit), requires no large-scale lifting cranes, and minimizes on-site assembly work.
**Vessel Types:** Semi-submersible vessels, Ro-Ro vessels.
**Case Study:** 8 RTG units were loaded via Ro-Ro method, with the entire loading process completed within 3 hours.
2. **Complete Unit Lo-Lo (Alternative Method; Used When Ro-Ro Conditions Are Unavailable)**
**Applicability:** Units with a total weight ≤ 150t; applicable when the terminal possesses heavy-duty gantry cranes or floating cranes, or when the vessel type is unsuitable for Ro-Ro operations.
**Method:** The entire unit is lifted using large-scale cranes, placed directly into the vessel's hold or onto the deck, and then lashed and secured.
**Advantages:** Low reliance on terminal-side Ro-Ro infrastructure; suitable for smaller RTG models or specialized vessel types.
**Case Study:** 2 units of 40t RTG cranes were loaded via the Lo-Lo method, with the entire loading and lashing process completed within 12 hours.
3. **Disassembled/Segmented Transport (For Small/Specialized/Oversized Models)**
**Applicability:** Units that are oversized (excessive width, height, or weight) and cannot be transported as a single complete unit, or instances where the client requests delivery in disassembled components.
**Disassembly Modules:** Gantry frame, long-travel mechanism, hoisting trolley, operator cabin, counterweights, electrical cabinets, hydraulic systems, etc.
**Packaging:**
**Structural Components:** Open-top containers or Flat Rack containers; treated with anti-rust agents and fitted with corner protectors.
**Precision Components:** Sealed wooden crates (IPPC-fumigated); designed with moisture-proof and shock-absorbing features.
**Electrical/Hydraulic Components:** Independently sealed packaging; hydraulic fluids are drained, and electrical systems are protected against power surges/damage. Advantages: Overcomes size and weight limitations; compatible with standard container ships and bulk carriers.
Disadvantages: Increases labor hours for disassembly and reassembly, as well as on-site commissioning costs.
II. Classification by Vessel/Container Type (Practical Selection)
1. Semi-submersible Vessels / Ro-Ro Ships
Loading: Entire units are rolled on (Ro-Ro) or lifted on; multiple units are arranged side-by-side.
Lashing: The base is secured using deck rings tensioned with high-strength chains or steel wire ropes; lateral stability is ensured via wind-resistant guy wires; anti-slip chocks are placed beneath the tires.
Suitability: Bulk export of large RTGs (e.g., 5–10 units per voyage).
2. Flat Rack Containers (FR)
Suitability: Large structural components following disassembly (e.g., portal frames, main girders).
Securing: Fastened using corner castings combined with lashing straps or bolts; the center of gravity must be centered to prevent unbalanced loading.
3. Standard Containers (20'/40')
Suitability: Small components (e.g., motors, reducers, electrical cabinets, hydraulic valve blocks).
Packaging: Fumigated wooden crates; features include moisture protection, shock absorption, and clear labeling.
III. Key Operational Points (Safety and Compliance)
1. Lashing and Securing (Essential for Sea Transport)
Complete Units: Four-point or eight-point lashing scheme, combined with wind-resistant guy wires, to ensure lateral, longitudinal, and vertical stability.
Disassembled Components: Within flat rack containers, welded brackets, wooden wedges, and air bags are utilized to prevent sliding and collision damage.
Labeling: Clear markings indicating the center of gravity, lifting points, fragility, moisture sensitivity, and orientation (e.g., "This Side Up").
2. Packaging and Protection (For High-Salt-Mist Marine Environments)
Metal Structures: Rust removal, application of anti-rust paint, and wrapping with moisture-proof film; corners and edges are fitted with rubber corner guards.
Electrical/Hydraulic Components: Sealed packaging containing desiccant; oil ports and connection interfaces are capped and protected.
Wooden Packaging: Must undergo IPPC-compliant fumigation or heat treatment and bear the appropriate markings to avoid rejection by customs authorities. 3. Documentation and Compliance
**Mandatory:** Bill of Lading, Packing List, Commercial Invoice, IPPC Certificate, Equipment Manuals, Assembly Guides.
**Special:** Oversize Transport Permit, Maritime Safety Declaration, Import Clearance Documents for the Destination Country.
4. Selection Comparison (For Rapid Decision-Making)

5. Summary
**Large-Scale Port RTG Exports:** Prioritize shipping the complete unit via Ro-Ro (using semi-submersible or Ro-Ro vessels) for maximum efficiency and optimal cost-effectiveness.
**No Ro-Ro Facilities:** Employ the "Complete Unit (Lift-on)" method, requiring the support of heavy-duty cranes.
**Small / Oversize Units:** Utilize modular disassembly followed by split shipment via flat racks or standard containers, accompanied by professional packaging and lashing services.